• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The subject of this invention is a liquid cooling method for a hydropower generator (1), which via a primary cooling liquid circuit in the rotor (2) whose winding (4) cools, said cooling liquid is held by the centrifugal force occurring in the circuit. The removal of the heat energy via a secondary cooling liquid (9) which flows through the system once vertically. According to the invention, this heat exchange takes place via a co-rotating heat exchanger (6) in the rotor center. The invention also provides a device for carrying out such a method.
    公开号:AT519081A1
    申请号:T50788/2016
    申请日:2016-09-06
    公开日:2018-03-15
    发明作者:Ing Dr Fritz Neumayer Dipl；Contreras Espada Jesus
    申请人:Andritz Hydro Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Summary
    The subject of this invention is a
    Liquid cooling method for a hydropower generator (1) which cools its winding (4) via a primary coolant circuit in the rotor (2), this coolant being kept in circulation by the centrifugal force that occurs. The heat energy is dissipated via a
    Secondary cooling liquid (9) which flows through the system once vertically 10. This takes place according to the invention
    Heat exchange via a rotating heat exchanger (6) in the rotor center. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out such a method.
    (Fig.3) / 15
    HA401221 AT
    METHOD FOR COOLING THE ROTOR OF AN ELECTRIC GENERATOR
    The subject of this invention is a
    Liquid cooling method for a hydropower generator, the 5 as an electrical synchronous machine with a. Rotor and one
    Stator is formed with poles on the rotor through the
    Pole winding are formed.
    The subject of this invention is also a device, namely an arrangement for liquid cooling the winding i: lÖ rotor of a hydropower generator, and for dissipating the heat from the electrical machine.
    The participation of solar and wind energy in the power grid changes the requirements for electricity producers
    Network subscribers. Due to the high volatility caused by this
    Technologies in the electrical network are created, conventional producers, such as hydropower plants with large heads, are required to have a high number of start-stop cycles and load changes.
    The design of very large,
    High-speed hydropower generators, because of different
    There are limits to the maximum rotor mass, the maximum achievable power depends on the efficiency of the
    Cooling off. Therefore, such rotors are usually with a
    Liquid cooling / water cooling equipped.
    Due to the very low ventilation losses, water-cooled hydropower generators are better suited for idle operation and for reactive power generation, where the
    Ventilation losses make up a large proportion of the drive power.
    The number of mechanical stress cycles as well
    Bearing and brake wear can be reduced if the machine sets rotate continuously.
    2.15
    HA401221 AT
    However, conventional water cooling of the rotor winding is more complex and expensive compared to simple air cooling.
    With known liquid cooling systems, the cooling medium is usually circulated between the inside of the machine (rotor or heat source) and the outside of the machine (cooler or
    Heat sink), which leads to complex designs, especially when connecting the liquid inflow and outflow to the hollow rotor shaft. The coolant is supplied and removed via the upper end of the hollow rotor shaft, pumps being required for the circulation of the coolant. These complex designs in turn lead to a high level of maintenance during the ongoing operation of the power plant.
    Such rotor winding water cooling according to the prior art has been in use for example in the pumped storage plant in Häusling in Tyrol, Austria, for several decades. Such a water supply head according to the prior art is shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2.
    Furthermore, rotors cooled with refrigerant are known from the prior art. A refrigerant evaporative-condensation circuit is provided in the rotor, which then condenses the waste heat on e.g. Emits water. Such an embodiment is described as an example in GB880262. GB989698 describes a similar structure, whereby a stator is cooled and the
    Heat exchanger / condenser for the dissipation of heat is arranged outside the electrodynamic machine.
    In both of these embodiments, a refrigerant is evaporated and condensed. An advantage of these processes is the higher heat capacity of refrigerants compared to coolants, which is caused by the phase transition from
    3.15
    HA401221 AT liquid to gaseous is reached. It is also theoretically possible with such methods to operate them according to the thermosiphon principle without an additional pump / compressor or to use the centrifugal force to spray the refrigerant through nozzles (GB989698).
    Due to the physical and chemical requirements in a hydropower generator and the requirements for environmental and fire protection, the choice of refrigerant is also difficult. A disadvantage of these methods is also the susceptibility of the refrigerant circuits to malfunctions with regard to the electrochemical resistance of the hollow winding tracks, ensuring the gas tightness of the lines, etc. The associated manufacturing and maintenance expenditure would be enormous, which is why such systems have not been established in practice.
    The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for cooling the rotor of a high-speed hydropower generator which combines the efficiency of liquid or refrigerant cooling with the simplicity and low maintenance of air cooling processes. The invention also provides an apparatus for performing such a method.
    This object is achieved by a cooling method for the rotor of a hydropower generator according to claim 1. According to the invention, this method has a closed primary liquid circuit, which absorbs thermal energy and this in. Releases the rotor center via the heat exchanger to the secondary cooling liquid that flows through the rotor shaft.
    This secondary liquid stream is preferably a pressureless fresh water stream which, for example, consists of a
    4.15
    HA401221 AT can be taken at power plant level or from a reservoir just slightly above it, or simply from the water supply network.
    The secondary cooling liquid is preferably removed from the generator via the vertically arranged hollow rotor shaft at its lower end (turbine end), directly into the draining water which also forms the heat sink in this cooling system.
    Through this “flow arrangement of the
    The secondary cooling fluid flow significantly reduces the design effort compared to the systems currently in use, especially with regard to the fluid-carrying connection between the hollow rotor shaft and the heat sink located outside the electrodynamic machine.
    Thus, despite its high output, such a hydropower generator can operate at relatively high speeds, for example in the case of hydropower generators. Range from 400 to 1200 rpm, operated and cooled with liquid without having to accept the design disadvantages of sealing the hollow rotor shaft.
    The rotor body, which is preferably formed from steel rings, has supply channels for the primary cooling liquid, which run in the radial direction from a tubular heat exchanger arranged axially in the center of the hollow rotor shaft to cooling channels in the
    Lead rotor winding. Furthermore, radial return conduits lead the heated primary coolant back to the center of the rotor, whereby the primary coolant describes a closed circuit. Surprisingly, simulations and tests showed that such a cycle of such high-speed hydropower generators due to the change in density that occurs during heating
    5.15
    HA401221 AT
    Primary coolant and the centrifugal force field of the rotor can be started and maintained. There is therefore no external pump for circulating the
    Primary coolant needed. This can also be favored if the hydraulic system is implemented in several parallel branches. Further optimization of this circulation can be achieved, for example, by thermal insulation of the supply channels for the primary cooling liquid up to their entry into the cooling channels of the rotor winding,
    Above that arranged inside the rotor shaft
    Heat exchanger finally gives the primary cooling liquid the absorbed thermal energy to the secondary cooling liquid, preferably water, which flows through the hollow rotor shaft from top to bottom in the direction of the turbine end and is discharged via the draining water.
    The secondary cooling liquid, on its one-time path through the rotor, absorbs the heat loss and removes it from the system.
    This results in good cooling of the rotor winding.
    The invention also relates to a device
    Hydropower generator according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the hydropower generator has two coolant flows, the primary cooling liquid being a self-contained one
    Circulation forms, while the secondary cooling liquid "flows once through the hollow hollow rotor shaft.
    6.15
    HA401221 AT
    The following are the state of the art and a
    Embodiment of the invention described with reference to drawings. The same reference numerals in the individual figures denote the same parts of the system.
    Show it:
    1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a water-cooled hydropower generator 1 a known from the prior art, the water supply head 5 with inlet and outlet at the upper end of the hollow rotor shaft can be seen.
    Fig. 2 shows a water supply head 5 according to the prior art as a detail, from Fig.1. Cooling water inlet 13 and cooling water return 14, as well as the construction of the rotating union 12 are shown according to the prior art.
    3 shows a schematic section through a hydropower generator 1 according to the invention, the illustration of the bearing and other details not relevant to the invention being omitted. You can see that well. Primary liquid circuit in the cooling channels 8 for the primary cooling liquid and the path of the secondary cooling liquid 9 from top to bottom through the system,
    The vertical rotor 2 is located within the stator 3, which rests on a foundation 10.
    Via the axial opening in the hollow rotor shaft 7, the “unpressurized secondary cooling liquid 9 can be guided into the inside of the rotor.
    This water supply can be kept very simple, since there are no significant pressures and no backflow of liquid to be sealed. The
    Secondary cooling liquid 9, preferably water, washed around in
    7/15
    HA401221 AT a further consequence of the tubular heat exchanger 6 arranged in the center of the hollow rotor shaft 7 in the direction of the axis of rotation
    Primary coolant circuit.
    Finally, the secondary coolant flow 9 emerges at the turbine-side end of the hollow rotor shaft 7 and leaves the system. The turbine 11 can be, for example, as indicated in FIG. 3, a Pelton turbine, which is often used in power plants with large heads.
    FIG. 3 also indicates that the
    Supply channels 8a for the primary coolant
    Rotor winding can have a thermal insulation 15 in a partial region of its length or entirely. Thermal insulation at this point prevents unwanted, premature heating of the primary coolant on the way to
    Rotor winding 4. The targeted introduction of the heat into the primary cooling liquid only in the essentially vertical rotor winding 4 also specifies the direction of circulation of the primary cooling liquid, since the reduction in density of the heated primary cooling liquid at this point supports the pumping action of the rotation of the system.
    FIG. 4 shows a radial section through part of a rotor winding 4, which shows the cooling channels 8 for the primary cooling liquid, and also the radial distances A and B of the supply channels 8a and return channels 8b. The primary cooling liquid is preferably supplied to the rotor winding 4 radially further away from the rotor center, as shown, and is removed again radially closer to the rotor center. As a result, the reduction in density of the primary cooling liquid is further positively influenced by increased heating thereof in the upper part of the rotor winding.
    8.15
    HA401221 AT
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    claims
    L. Method of Cooling the Rotor of an Electric
    Generator (1) with a rotor (2) and a stator (3) surrounding the rotor (2), the rotor (2) having rotor windings (4) which are equipped with cooling channels (8) for the passage of a primary cooling liquid characterized in that in the rotor (2) a closed cooling circuit for the
    Primary cooling liquid is present, the primary cooling liquid being fed to the cooling channels (8) in the rotor windings (4) via essentially radially extending supply channels (8a) and being discharged via further, essentially radially running return line channels (8b), the primary cooling liquid being discharged through the. Operation occurring centrifugal forces through the cooling channels (8) is demanded and wherein the hollow rotor shaft (7) is flowed through by a secondary cooling liquid, to which the primary cooling liquid releases the heat absorbed by the rotor windings (4) with the help of a rotating heat exchanger (6), whereby Secondary cooling liquid (9) passes through the hollow rotor shaft (7) without pressure.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the co-rotating heat exchanger (6) is arranged closer to the center of the rotor (2) than the one to be cooled
    Rotor winding (4).
    [3]
    3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the secondary cooling liquid (9) by the rotor hollow shaft (7) on the flowing driving water of the turbine (11) leaves the unit consisting of generator (1) and turbine (11).
    9.15
    HA401221 AT
    [4]
    4 <Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of parallel cooling channels (8) for cooling the rotor winding (4) are present.
    [5]
    5, Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed channels (8a) of the primary cooling liquid to the rotor winding (4) take place at a point radially further away from the rotor center than the return channels (8b) towards the heat exchanger (6).
    [6]
    6, Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrically non-conductive liquid is used as the primary cooling liquid.
    [7]
    7, device for carrying out the method according to the invention according to one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a rotor (2) of an electrical generator (1) with a primary liquid cooling circuit with an essentially axially arranged heat exchanger (6) in the rotor (2), with essentially axially extending rotor winding (4), characterized in that the
    Primary fluid circuit form a hydraulic system of several parallel branches.
    [8]
    8, Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the co-rotating heat exchanger (6) leads as a tubular heat exchanger.
    [9]
    9, Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply channels (8a) for the primary cooling liquid over part of their length or entirely a thermal Ϊ s ο 1. a t i ο n a u w e n.
    [10]
    10/15
    HA401221 AT
    [11]
    11/15
    HA401221 AT
    [12]
    12/15
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1482411A|1974-07-30|1977-08-10|Int Research & Dev Co Ltd|Rotary machine having a cooling system for circulation of liquid coolant to the rotor|
    DE10259047A1|2002-01-17|2003-10-16|Gen Motors Corp|Centrifugal liquid cooling system for an electric motor|
    EP2916438A1|2014-03-05|2015-09-09|Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto|An electrical turbo-machine and a power plant|
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    FR2511139B1|1981-08-10|1983-11-10|Commissariat Energie Atomique|
    US5189325A|1990-06-15|1993-02-23|General Electric Company|Liquid cooling the rotor of an electrical machine|
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    GB2487747B|2011-02-02|2016-05-18|Ford Global Tech Llc|An engine system|
    GB2490678A|2011-05-10|2012-11-14|Rolls Royce Plc|A gas turbine power plant cooling system controller|
    DE102013214082A1|2013-07-18|2015-01-22|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Electric nacelle drive for a ship|
    CN203445772U|2013-09-27|2014-02-19|深圳市禾望电气有限公司|Cooling system for converter|
    DE102014215758A1|2014-08-08|2016-02-11|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Electric machine with a first circuit and a second circuit|EP3910762A4|2020-05-11|2021-11-17|Dive Turbinen Gmbh & Co Kg|Water turbine and/or water pump|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    ATA50788/2016A|AT519081B1|2016-09-06|2016-09-06|METHOD FOR COOLING THE ROTOR OF AN ELECTRIC GENERATOR|ATA50788/2016A| AT519081B1|2016-09-06|2016-09-06|METHOD FOR COOLING THE ROTOR OF AN ELECTRIC GENERATOR|
    PCT/EP2017/070273| WO2018046219A1|2016-09-06|2017-08-10|Method for cooling the rotor of an electric generator|
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    US16/330,913| US10554086B2|2016-09-06|2017-08-10|Method for cooling the rotor of an electric generator|
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